Universals and their Implications on Sexuality, Gender, Race, and Species

Dr. Graham Floyd, PhD

One of the greatest philosophical and theological debates in history has been over the existence of universals. These multiply instantiable entities are used to explain the structure of reality as well as undergird knowledge.

Many, even within Christian circles, reject the existence of such entities and embrace nominalism: that only particulars exist.

This paper contends that nominalism has implications on anthropology that are not consistent with a biblical understanding of the concept. Christians, therefore, should reject nominalism and embrace universals.

The full-text of this paper is available for FREE by clicking hereThe paper is part of an ongoing EPS web project focused on a Philosophy of Theological Anthropology.


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